Konstruksi Nilai Ketahanan Ekonomi Keluarga dalam Al-Qur'an dan Relevansinya terhadap Praktik Wakaf Ahli Minangkabau

Abstract

Existing studies on pusako tinggi (ancestral communal property) in Minangkabau society have primarily focused on the relationship between customary law and Islamic law. The Qur’anic foundations underlying asset sustainability and family resilience, however, remain largely unexplored. This study examines the Qur’anic construction of family resilience and its relevance to the management of pusako tinggi within the matrilineal Minangkabau community. Employing a qualitative library-based research approach, the study utilizes thematic Qur’anic exegesis (tafsīr mawḍūʿī) to analyze Qur’anic verses concerning family protection, wealth management, intergenerational responsibility, and economic planning. These Qur’anic principles are subsequently examined in relation to scholarship on family waqf (waqf dhurrī), Minangkabau customary institutions, and family resilience. The findings reveal that the Qur’an constructs family resilience through three interconnected foundations: family protection (ḥifẓ al-usrah), asset preservation (ḥifẓ al-māl), and intertemporal resource management as a basis for economic resilience. These principles are reflected in the pusako tinggi system, which preserves communal assets across generations, prevents the fragmentation of ownership, and functions as a social safety net for members of the kinship group. Within this framework, Minangkabau women, represented through the institution of Bundo Kanduang, function not only as custodians of ancestral assets but also as transmitters of cultural values and guardians of collective identity. The study further argues that pusako tinggi represents more than a cultural accommodation between Islam and customary law. Rather, it may be interpreted as a form of living waqf that reflects Qur’anic principles of family protection, asset sustainability, and intergenerational responsibility. By developing an asset-based framework of Qur’anic family resilience grounded in intergenerational asset sustainability, this study contributes to contemporary debates in Qur’anic studies, Islamic law, family resilience, and Muslim customary societies.